What Really Happened in Haute Marne’s UFO Files?

How Haute-Marne fits into France’s official UFO system

France’s public UFO record is unusually useful because the national space agency, CNES, has a dedicated unit for reports of unidentified aerospace phenomena: GEIPAN. Its work is not framed as a search for extraterrestrial visitors. GEIPAN describes its mission as collecting witness reports, analysing them against known phenomena, anonymising and archiving files, and publishing conclusions for the public. It also makes an important distinction between the popular term “UFO” and the broader French term “PAN”, meaning an unidentified aerospace phenomenon; not every strange aerial report implies a solid flying object.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frGEIPANMission & Geipan | GEIPANGEIPANMission & Geipan | GEIPAN Overview image for What Really Happened in Haute Marne's UFO... GEIPAN’s classification system is central to reading Haute-Marne cases properly. A cases are explained without ambiguity; B cases are probably explained; C cases remain non-identifiable because the information is insufficient; D cases remain unexplained after investigation. The system was revised in 2008 and is based on two linked measures: “strangeness” after known explanations are tested, and “consistency”, meaning the quantity and reliability of the available information.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frGEIPANClassification | GEIPANGEIPANClassification | GEIPAN

That distinction matters because several Haute-Marne entries sound dramatic in a short summary but are not officially “unexplained”. Saint-Dizier 1978 and Wassy 1977 are classed C, meaning the dossier is too weak or incomplete to support a firm conclusion. Sommerecourt 1983 and Peigney 2016 are classed B, meaning GEIPAN considers a conventional explanation probable. Vals-des-Tilles 2025 and Vicq 2025 are classed A, meaning the reported phenomena were identified.[GEIPAN+5GEIPAN+5GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

The Andelot 1975 pursuit: the department’s best-known story

The most famous Haute-Marne UFO story is the Andelot-Blancheville case of 15 August 1975. Contemporary press coverage, reproduced in Patrick Gross’s archive from Le Dauphiné Libéré, described three local men reporting a frightening night-time encounter near Andelot, with an orange-red luminous object allegedly appearing near railway and road landmarks, seeming to follow their car, and later being reported to the gendarmerie. The newspaper account said the gendarmes treated the story cautiously but opened an inquiry and located other witnesses who wished to remain anonymous.[Ufologie]ufologie.patrickgross.orgOpen source on patrickgross.org.

The case became memorable because it had several ingredients that make UFO stories travel: young witnesses, a night road, a car apparently being “pursued”, attempts at photography, a named local route, and a gendarmerie connection. Later summaries describe two photographs being taken, but the images did not produce usable evidence of the phenomenon itself. A later ufological analysis of the case says the witnesses first left Andelot at about 23:30 on the D44, saw an orange or reddish luminous form, returned with a camera, then later went back with a third witness and saw further lights between Andelot, Chantraines and Blancheville.[Fichier PDF]fichier-pdf.frandelot 1975andelot 1975

The strongest sceptical reading is that the “pursuing object” was probably the Moon, low on the south-western horizon, distorted by cloud and repeatedly reinterpreted as the car changed position. The 1996 analysis by Raoul Robé argues that the directions of observation from several stopping points broadly matched the Moon’s position, that the colour and apparent flattening were consistent with a low Moon near setting, and that the “following” effect fits a common astronomical misperception in which a distant celestial object appears to track a moving observer.[Fichier PDF]fichier-pdf.frandelot 1975andelot 1975

That explanation is persuasive but should be presented carefully. It is not an official GEIPAN case conclusion in the modern sense, and the original newspaper account reflected the language and excitement of the 1970s UFO wave. Still, the Moon hypothesis has real explanatory force because it addresses the geometry, colour, duration, failed photography, and “object following the car” motif together. The Andelot case therefore matters less as evidence of an extraordinary craft than as a classic example of how a vivid local UFO narrative can later be re-read through astronomy, witness psychology and route reconstruction. What Really Happened in Haute Marne's UFO... illustration 1

Saint-Dizier 1978: military witnesses, but not a solved mystery

The Saint-Dizier case of 20 August 1978 is one of the most important official Haute-Marne files because it involves military witnesses at an aviation site. GEIPAN says the observation began at about 22:50 when a serviceman noticed three lights, roughly described as the size of ping-pong balls, moving from east to west and changing colour towards orange. Other military personnel joined the observation, and the witnesses reported silent movements, stops, zigzags and a disappearance towards the north.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

At first glance, this looks stronger than an ordinary single-witness rural sighting. It involved several trained adults, occurred in an aviation environment, and described movement rather than a single static light. But GEIPAN’s later treatment is cautious. The file had previously been classed D, but was re-examined and is now classed C: not identifiable because the available information is not strong enough. GEIPAN explored a possible festive light beam or sky-tracer projecting onto clouds, noting that zigzagging coloured lights, apparent stopping, and changing apparent size can fit that type of confusion. The same assessment also notes problems with the hypothesis, including the rarity of such lights in the 1970s and aspects of the witnesses’ reported brightness and size.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

That makes Saint-Dizier a good example of the difference between “unexplained” and “not robustly explainable”. The case is not dismissed as nonsense, but GEIPAN does not treat it as a strong residual unknown either. The official result is a limbo category: interesting, multi-witness, historically notable, but weakened by missing or insufficient data.

Sommerecourt 1983: the dramatic case with a down-to-earth explanation

Sommerecourt, 17 July 1983, is probably the most dramatic GEIPAN-listed Haute-Marne case. The official summary says that after several night-time observations of luminous phenomena on 15 and 16 July, a witness went out on 17 July at about 21:30 with binoculars to observe activity on a hill. Hours later, relatives found him at home in a dazed state, injured and traumatised. He claimed to have been caught by a yellow-orange “ball of fire” and dropped several kilometres away.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

A sensational retelling would stop there. GEIPAN does not. The file is classed B, with the phenomenon type given as an EDF electrical disturbance. The official description says the investigation showed that luminous phenomena could really have occurred because a high-voltage power line crossed the hill and electrical arcs may have happened there. It also says the witness could have suffered an electrical shock in the presence of a 60 kV line and stormy weather, while judging the “abduction” element as not very credible.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

This is an important case for public-facing UFO history because it avoids two bad extremes. It does not deny that the witness may have experienced something frightening and physically harmful. But it also does not accept the most extraordinary interpretation just because the account was intense. Sommerecourt is best read as a likely electrical and medical incident embedded in UFO language, not as a confirmed close encounter.

Wassy 1977 and Peigney 2016: why weak and probable cases still matter

Wassy, 21 October 1977, is a thinner official case but useful because it shows how much a file can depend on the available record. GEIPAN lists it as a C case: lack of reliable information. The witness entry records a 50-year-old male witness at 05:45, in rainy and stormy conditions, observing a single yellow or amber spherical object, apparently silent, with an estimated apparent diameter of 50 cm.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

The key point is not that Wassy proves anything extraordinary; it is that the reported details are not enough to sustain a strong conclusion. Weather, early morning light conditions, a single witness, imprecise apparent size, and limited corroboration all reduce the file’s evidential weight. In GEIPAN terms, this is not the same as a D case. It is not “unexplained despite good evidence”; it is “not identifiable because the evidence is not good enough”.

Peigney, 17 August 2016, is more recent and easier to interpret. A witness on a terrace saw an orange luminous phenomenon low to the west in a field, using the naked eye and binoculars, and described a large orange glow with three smaller lights that seemed to rotate around it. GEIPAN classed the case B and considered probable ground lights from a vehicle or human activity. The file also notes a similar earlier observation in the same area and mentions a nearby site that could host scouts, which supports a mundane explanation for lights near the ground.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

Together, Wassy and Peigney help set expectations. Haute-Marne’s UFO record includes reports that are intriguing as human experiences, but their investigative value varies sharply. A single puzzling light in poor conditions is not equivalent to a well-documented multi-source anomaly. What Really Happened in Haute Marne's UFO... illustration 2

Modern Haute-Marne cases are mostly lessons in identification

The 2025 Haute-Marne entries show how modern investigation can resolve reports quickly when timing, photographs and astronomical data are available. At Vals-des-Tilles on 2 March 2025, a witness saw a white point of light moving at steady speed on a curved path shortly before dawn. The witness considered the International Space Station but doubted it because the brightness seemed lower than expected and the trajectory appeared curved. GEIPAN classed the case A, identifying the object as the ISS. Its reasoning was straightforward: CNES orbital data confirmed the ISS at the reported time and coordinates; the appearance and motion matched; dawn conditions could make the ISS appear less bright; and the curved path was consistent with perspective and Earth’s curvature.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

Vicq, 6 March 2025, is another clean identification. A witness photographed two white lights low in the night sky. GEIPAN classed the case A and identified the objects as the Moon and Jupiter, using the witness’s photographs and IPACO image-analysis software. The report notes that the Moon was partly masked by trees and that a small “sideways V” shape reported in the photos was probably linked to camera movement rather than a real structured object.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

These cases are valuable precisely because they are not mysterious. They show why modern UFO investigation often turns on mundane but decisive details: exact time, direction, elevation, weather, image metadata, satellite positions and planet locations. They also show why a witness can make a reasonable objection — “it did not look bright enough to be the ISS” — and still be mistaken. What Really Happened in Haute Marne's UFO... illustration 3

What the local pattern suggests

Haute-Marne’s UFO record does not show a single repeating phenomenon. Instead, it shows recurring situations that are common in UFO history but locally grounded:<div class="content-enhancement content-enhancement--insight-grid" markdown="1">

Low or horizon lights. Andelot, Peigney and Vicq all involve lights low enough to be affected by terrain, buildings, trees, cloud, or horizon perspective.
Road and countryside settings. Rural roads, fields and hills recur, which makes distance and size especially hard for witnesses to judge.
Weather and electrical conditions. Wassy involved rain and storm conditions, while Sommerecourt’s likely explanation depends on stormy weather and a high-voltage line.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.
Aviation context. Saint-Dizier adds a military-airbase dimension, but the official case outcome still depends on evidence quality rather than witness status.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.
Later reinterpretation. Andelot shows how an initially dramatic newspaper story can become less mysterious when astronomical geometry and the psychology of a “following” light are considered.[Ufologie]ufologie.patrickgross.orgOpen source on patrickgross.org.</div>

The department’s strongest lesson is methodological. The label “UFO” often arrives before the investigation has separated the observed stimulus from the witness’s interpretation. In Haute-Marne, the stimulus may have been the Moon, Jupiter, the ISS, ground lights, electrical arcing, a possible sky-tracer, or something too poorly documented to identify.

What remains genuinely unresolved?

The most honest answer is that Haute-Marne has unresolved stories, but not many strong unresolved cases. Saint-Dizier 1978 remains interesting because it involved multiple military witnesses and unusual motion descriptions, yet GEIPAN’s present classification is C, not D: the case cannot be identified because the data are insufficient, not because a strong investigation eliminated ordinary explanations.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr. Wassy 1977 is also classed C, but its evidential base is thinner.[GEIPAN]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

Andelot 1975 remains culturally important in French ufology, but the later Moon hypothesis substantially weakens the extraordinary reading. Sommerecourt 1983 remains dramatic as a human incident, but GEIPAN’s probable explanation points towards electrical disturbance and shock, not a craft. Peigney 2016, Vals-des-Tilles 2025 and Vicq 2025 are best treated as probable or identified conventional cases.[GEIPAN+4Fichier PDF+4GEIPAN]fichier-pdf.frandelot 1975andelot 1975

That does not make Haute-Marne uninteresting. It makes it a particularly good department for understanding how UFO history is built: a local press story becomes folklore; a gendarmerie statement becomes an archive; a frightening experience becomes a case file; and decades later, the same event may look different when tested against astronomy, electricity, aircraft activity, weather and the limits of witness memory.<div class="youtube-embed-container youtube-embed-fallback youtube-embed-link-only"><div class="youtube-embed-card"><div class="youtube-embed-link-panel">YouTube1</div><div class="youtube-embed-footer"><p class="youtube-embed-title">1</p><p class="youtube-embed-actions">Open on YouTube</p></div></div></div><section class="further-reading-section" data-page-toc-exclude aria-labelledby="further-reading-title"><div class="fr-section-shell"><div class="fr-section-header"><div class="fr-section-heading"><p class="fr-section-kicker">Amazon book picks</p><h3 class="fr-heading" id="further-reading-title">Further Reading</h3></div><p class="fr-intro">Books and field guides related to What Really Happened in Haute Marne's UFO Files?. Use these as the next step if you want deeper reading beyond the article.</p></div><div class="fr-books-grid"><article class="fr-book-card">Book<div class="fr-book-info"><h4 class="fr-book-title">The UFO Experience</h4><p class="fr-book-author">By Joseph Allen Hynek</p><p class="fr-book-desc">Provides a balanced framework for assessing UFO reports like those found in Haute-Marne.</p><div class="fr-book-actions"> See on Amazon</div></div></article><article class="fr-book-card">Book<div class="fr-book-info"><h4 class="fr-book-title">UFOs</h4><p class="fr-book-author">By Leslie Kean</p><p class="fr-book-desc">Fits the article's focus on official case files and government analysis.</p><div class="fr-book-actions"> See on Amazon</div></div></article><article class="fr-book-card">Book<div class="fr-book-info"><h4 class="fr-book-title">The UFO Enigma</h4><p class="fr-book-author">By Peter A. 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Endnotes

1. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Title: GEIPANMission & Geipan | GEIPAN
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/node/58792

2. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Title: GEIPANClassification | GEIPAN
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/node/58787

3. Source: fichier-pdf.fr
Title: andelot 1975
Link:https://www.fichier-pdf.fr/2016/03/19/andelot-1975/andelot-1975.pdf

4. Source: geipan.fr
Link:https://geipan.fr/sites/default/files/PV%20n%C2%B01265%20%281993309722%29.pdf

5. Source: geipan.fr
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6. Source: geipan.fr
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7. Source: geipan.fr
Link:https://geipan.fr/sites/default/files/Compte%20rendu%20enquete423.pdf

8. Source: geipan.fr
Title: detection louange 2
Link:https://geipan.fr/sites/default/files/detection_louange_2.pdf

9. Source: geipan.fr
Link:https://geipan.fr/fr/cas/1978-08-00536?field_date_value=2004-04-23&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=13&sort=desc

10. Source: geipan.fr
Link:https://geipan.fr/en/node/61244?field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B0%5D=11&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date&page=%2C78&select-category-export=nothing&sort=desc

11. Source: geipan.fr
Link:https://geipan.fr/fr/temoignage/2181

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Link:https://geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B13%5D=13&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date_d_observation&page=6&sort=asc

13. Source: geipan.fr
Title: VICQ (52) 06.03.2025 [E Cgei Ana P S,A] Annexe 3 IPACO 4 R
Link:https://geipan.fr/sites/default/files/2025-04/VICQ%20%2852%29%2006.03.2025%20%5BE-Cgei%20Ana%20P%20S%2CA%5D%20Annexe%203_IPACO_4-R.pdf

14. Source: geipan.fr
Title: Compte rendu enquete798
Link:https://geipan.fr/sites/default/files/Compte%20rendu%20enquete798.pdf

15. Source: geipan.fr
Title: VICQ (52) 06.03.2025 [E Cgei Ana P S,A] Annexe 1 IPACO 1 R
Link:https://geipan.fr/sites/default/files/2025-04/VICQ%20%2852%29%2006.03.2025%20%5BE-Cgei%20Ana%20P%20S%2CA%5D%20Annexe%201_IPACO_1-R.pdf

16. Source: geipan.fr
Link:https://geipan.fr/en/search/cas?field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_departement_textuel&page=%2C4&sort=desc

17. Source: geipan.fr
Link:https://www.geipan.fr/en/recherche/cas/tab?fbclid=IwAR32Xw4FPA6L6uMbDrVI3ET3EnoPyLceNnyDp2Blb9uRHMC5hwUcF_wg6Fk&field_agregation_index_value=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_departement_textuel&page=104&sort=desc

18. Source: geipan.fr
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19. Source: cnes.fr
Title: serie ovnis 5 choses savoir geipan
Link:https://cnes.fr/actualites/serie-ovnis-5-choses-savoir-geipan

20. Source: archive.org
Link:https://archive.org/stream/ordericivitalis00deligoog/ordericivitalis00deligoog_djvu.txt

21. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/1978-08-00536

22. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/temoignage/1709

23. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/1983-08-00992?field_agregation_index_value=06&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=%2C115&sort=asc

24. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
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25. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/2025-03-51627

26. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/2025-03-51630

27. Source: ufologie.patrickgross.org
Link:https://ufologie.patrickgross.org/press/ledauphine19aug1975f.htm

28. Source: defense.gouv.fr
Link:https://www.defense.gouv.fr/air/actualites/innovation-mirage-2000d-rafale-patrouille-premiere-fois-lors-dune-simulation-connectee

29. Source: defense.gouv.fr
Title: operation poker reussie forces aeriennes strategiques
Link:https://www.defense.gouv.fr/air/actualites/operation-poker-reussie-forces-aeriennes-strategiques

30. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
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31. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/

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33. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
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35. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B13%5D=13&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B14%5D=14&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B15%5D=15&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B16%5D=16&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=1&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=57.70414723434193&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=19.642587534013032&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=49.921875&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=-9.843750000000002&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date_d_observation&page=44%2C35&select-category-export=nothing&sort=desc&video=on

36. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/en/search/cas?field_agregation_index_value=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=1&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date&page=%2C36&sort=desc

37. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas?field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date&page=%2C451&sort=asc

38. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=8&sort=desc

39. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=1&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_departement_textuel&page=60&select-category-export=nothing&sort=asc&video=on

40. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?customGetLattitude=46.94358292648825&customGetLongitude=4.4989013671875&customGetZoom=7&field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id=All&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=49.11702904077932&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=44.77013681219717&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=7.668457031250001&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=1.329345703125&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&page=%2C19

41. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/1977-10-00445

42. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/en/node/47307

43. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/temoignage/10447

44. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/en/search/cas?field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B13%5D=13&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=title&page=%2C146&sort=asc

45. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/en/search/cas?order=title&page=%2C524&sort=asc&undefined=

46. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=2007-03-01&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date_d_observation&page=165&sort=asc

47. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/en/recherche/cas/tab?customGetLattitude=46.94358292648825&customGetLongitude=4.4989013671875&customGetZoom=7&field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id=All&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=49.11702904077932&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=44.77013681219717&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=7.668457031250001&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=1.329345703125&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=3%2C28&sort=desc

48. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date&page=159&sort=asc

49. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas?amp=&field_agregation_index_value=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date_d_observation_textuel&page=%2C524&sort=desc

50. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/en/node/49446

51. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/en/search/cas?field_agregation_index_value=%C3%A9toile&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=%2C74&select-category-export=nothing&sort=asc

52. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/en/recherche/cas/tab?field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=100&sort=asc

53. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B12%5D=12&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_departement_textuel&page=25&sort=asc

54. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas?field_agregation_index_value=Gard&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=title&page=%2C56&sort=desc

55. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?customGetLattitude=46.94358292648825&customGetLongitude=4.4989013671875&customGetZoom=7&field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id=All&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=49.11702904077932&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=44.77013681219717&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=7.668457031250001&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=1.329345703125&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date_d_observation&page=47%2C20&sort=desc

56. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/en/recherche/cas/tab?customGetLattitude=45.735486641128446&customGetLongitude=-0.615234375&customGetZoom=5&field_agregation_index_value=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=54.52108149544362&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=36.94989178681327&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=14.326171875000002&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=-15.556640625000002&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_departement_textuel&page=61&sort=asc

57. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=orange&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date_d_observation&page=5&sort=desc

58. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=77%2C8&sort=asc

59. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/2012-06-09517

60. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/en/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=06&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date&page=13%2C31&sort=desc

61. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=c&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date_d_observation&page=123&sort=desc

62. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=06&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=21%2C8&sort=desc

63. Source: Wikipedia
Link:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEIPAN

64. Source: achats.defense.gouv.fr
Link:https://achats.defense.gouv.fr/export-donness-essentielles?page=544

65. Source: bibliotheques-numeriques.defense.gouv.fr
Link:https://bibliotheques-numeriques.defense.gouv.fr/emd/recherche-simple?portails=&search=Saint-Didier

66. Source: boutique.airespace.defense.gouv.fr
Link:https://boutique.airespace.defense.gouv.fr/content/47-histoire-du-rafale-solo-display

67. Source: bibliotheques-numeriques.defense.gouv.fr
Link:https://bibliotheques-numeriques.defense.gouv.fr/mediatheque-en/recherche-avancee?criteria1%5Bfield%5D=mxml%3Asujets%7Cstring&criteria1%5Boperator%5D=CONTAINS&criteria1%5Bsearch%5D=Saint-Dizier

68. Source: defense.gouv.fr
Title: dix questions au capitaine justine navigatrice officier systemes darmes rafale
Link:https://www.defense.gouv.fr/air/actualites/dix-questions-au-capitaine-justine-navigatrice-officier-systemes-darmes-rafale

69. Source: defense.gouv.fr
Title: lescadron chasse 24 fayette au coeur commemoration marnes coquette
Link:https://www.defense.gouv.fr/air/actualites/lescadron-chasse-24-fayette-au-coeur-commemoration-marnes-coquette

70. Source: defense.gouv.fr
Title: pilotes chasse croates effectuent leur premier vol solo rafale
Link:https://www.defense.gouv.fr/air/actualites/pilotes-chasse-croates-effectuent-leur-premier-vol-solo-rafale

71. Source: defense.gouv.fr
Link:https://www.defense.gouv.fr/air/actualites/conference-du-commandant-base-aerienne-cognac-chateaubernard-au-coeur-dissuasion-nucleaire

72. Source: ufologie.patrickgross.org
Link:https://ufologie.patrickgross.org/press/parisienlibere19aug1975f.htm

Additional References

73. Source: lemonde.fr
Link:https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2025/03/19/emmanuel-macron-annonce-la-creation-d-une-quatrieme-base-aerienne-a-vocation-nucleaire-en-france_6583478_3210.html

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>Un investissement de 1,5 milliard d'euros est prévu pour adapter les infrastructures aux normes nucléaires, permettant l’augmentation des…</p>

74. Source: youtube.com
Title: Identifying UFOs / Anti-Myth Superpowers
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GtoO00G_No

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>"3 GEIPAN: Behind the scenes of the organization that studies unidentified aerospace phenomenahttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hn2xTieploU…"…</p>

75. Source: cia.gov
Link:https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp81r00560r000100010001-0

76. Source: 20minutes.fr
Link:https://www.20minutes.fr/high-tech/sciences/4215259-20260329-demarche-scientifique-comment-enqueteurs-geipan-tentent-expliquer-cas-ovnis-france

77. Source: instagram.com
Link:https://www.instagram.com/reel/DVeXbVwjU-B/

78. Source: facebook.com
Link:https://www.facebook.com/BA113.SaintDizier/

79. Source: facebook.com
Link:https://www.facebook.com/Reuters/posts/french-authorities-responding-to-incident-involving-civilian-aircraftclick-the-l/1591654199491973/

80. Source: facebook.com
Link:https://www.facebook.com/gendarmerienationale/posts/apartager-depuis-une-apparition-myst%C3%A9rieuse-dans-la-nuit-du-24-au-25-d%C3%A9cembre-20/4847603998637090/

81. Source: facebook.com
Link:https://www.facebook.com/ActuDesForces/posts/ba-113-joyeux-anniversaire-au-rafale-sur-la-ba-113-/1308501411265332/

82. Source: facebook.com
Link:https://www.facebook.com/France3Occitanie/videos/-julien-debet-est-enqu%C3%AAteur-au-geipan-le-groupe-detudes-et-dinformations-sur-les/987261810372598/