Within Aude UFOs

When Aude UFOs Turned Out Ordinary

Several Aude reports became less mysterious once investigators considered birds, lanterns, satellites, rocket debris and storm phenomena.

On this page

  • Carcassonne's floodlit birds
  • Limoux, Narbonne and the active modern sky
  • Why a good witness can still be misled
Preview for When Aude UFOs Turned Out Ordinary

Introduction

Many Aude UFO reports did not begin as wild stories. They began with ordinary lights seen under awkward conditions: birds reflecting floodlights above Carcassonne, orange lanterns drifting over Limoux and Espéraza, satellites flashing during meteor-watching sessions, rocket debris glinting near Jupiter, and a strange blue-white point seen in storm clouds over Narbonne. What makes these cases useful is not that they “solve” every Aude sighting, but that they show how sincere witnesses can accurately report what they experienced while misreading the source of the light.Overview image for Mistaken Skies

Carcassonne’s floodlit birds

The clearest Aude example is the 9 August 2021 Carcassonne case. At about 1 am, a witness lying on a hotel terrace inside the medieval city was watching the sky during the Perseid meteor period when a silent formation of bright lights crossed the sky in seconds. The witness described an angular, almost delta-wing arrangement: evenly spaced lights, roughly ten on each branch, moving fast, silently and in formation. GEIPAN classified the case B, not as a confirmed object, but as a probable flight of birds in V formation.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frGeipanCARCASSONNE (11) 09.08.202115 Mar 2022 — Les oiseaux migrateurs qui passent à la verticale de cette cité peuvent paraître lumineux…

The explanation matters because the witness was not simply careless. The report was detailed, included a drawing, and even considered the bird hypothesis before rejecting it because the lights seemed too bright and too fast. GEIPAN’s analysis turned on the setting. Carcassonne’s historic walls and towers are strongly lit from below by regularly spaced projectors. Birds passing above the illuminated city could appear as bright points if their bodies, beaks or pale markings caught the upward light. GEIPAN noted that the reported “three last lights” on one branch briefly shifted sideways and returned, behaviour more natural for birds adjusting within a formation than for lamps fixed to a solid craft.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frGeipanCARCASSONNE (11) 09.08.202115 Mar 2022 — Les oiseaux migrateurs qui passent à la verticale de cette cité peuvent paraître lumineux…

This is a useful Aude mechanism because it depends on a very local feature. A generic sceptical explanation such as “it was birds” would be weak without the floodlit fortress beneath them. In Carcassonne, the medieval city is not just scenery; it changes the appearance of the night sky. A dark bird over a dark field may go unseen, but the same bird over a tourist landmark lit from below can become a moving white point. A line of birds can become a silent formation. A formation can become, to a startled witness, an apparently enormous object.

The migration context also helps. GEIPAN discussed possible migratory species and noted that the wider region is crossed by migrating birds. Independent ornithological material from the Aude area supports that general setting: LPO Aude has long monitored post-breeding migration at the Roc de Conilhac around Gruissan and Narbonne, with the season running broadly from mid-July into November and involving substantial visible passage in the department.[cdnfiles2.biolovision.net]cdnfiles2.biolovision.netBulletin migrationRoc de Conilhac2022 5291Suivi de la migration postnuptiale – Roc de Conilhac – 2022January 13, 2023 — 13 Jan 2023 — La LPO Occitanie de l'Aude tient migration po…Published: January 13, 2023 That does not prove the exact birds in the Carcassonne case, but it makes GEIPAN’s proposed mechanism plausible: Aude’s night sky is not empty, and a lit town can make moving wildlife look engineered.Mistaken Skies illustration 1

Limoux, Espéraza and the festival-lantern pattern

Another recurring Aude trap is the orange ball of light. On 23 July 2011, several people in Limoux saw seven red or reddish balls appear successively in the sky around 11.30 pm. They passed slowly and silently beneath the clouds, with appearances separated by a few minutes. GEIPAN classified the case B as a probable sky-lantern observation, citing the late Saturday timing, the wind direction from west to east, and the possibility that lanterns had been launched near Limoux and carried towards the observers.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frGeipanLIMOUX (11) 23.07.201123/07/2011. Région. Languedoc Roussillon. Département. Aude. Classification. B. Date de mise a jour. 29/09/20…

The 22 December 2013 Espéraza file shows the same mechanism in a slightly different form. A witness saw two bright orange balls move silently in a straight line, followed by a third similar object that passed over the house and rose quickly. GEIPAN again classified the report B as probable sky lanterns, pointing to the wind direction and the social timing: a Saturday-to-Sunday night when lanterns might plausibly have been released after a local celebration.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

These cases show why “it moved silently” is not enough to make an Aude light mysterious. Lanterns are designed to be quiet, bright and slow. They often appear in small numbers rather than as a single object, and they can seem to climb, pause or drift depending on local air currents. From the ground, especially at night, the viewer may not know whether the light is nearby and small or distant and large. A bright floating lantern can therefore become, in ordinary language, a “ball” crossing the sky.

The important point is not that every orange light in Aude is a lantern. It is that GEIPAN’s method looks for the fit between the reported behaviour and the environmental facts: date, time, wind, cloud base, witness direction and possible launch context. In Limoux and Espéraza, the reports did not collapse because the witnesses were unreliable. They became less mysterious because the pattern matched a known object under the right local conditions.

Narbonne and the active modern sky

Narbonne’s modern files show that Aude’s “ordinary lights” are not limited to lanterns and birds. Some come from above the atmosphere; others are tied to weather.

On 8 August 2014, during a very stormy night around midnight, a Narbonne witness saw a white-blue luminous point appear in clouds, vanish, then reappear a few metres away. GEIPAN classified the case B as probable ball lightning, while also noting an evidential limitation: the witness mentioned a video, but GEIPAN did not receive it, so the hypothesis could not be confirmed.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr. This is a good example of a “probable” rather than “proved” explanation. The storm context and the reported luminous behaviour made a natural electrical phenomenon plausible, but the missing video weakened certainty.

Other Aude cases point upwards to satellites and space debris. At Port-la-Nouvelle on 16 August 2019, a witness observing the Moon and Jupiter through binoculars saw three brief flashes near Jupiter. GEIPAN classified the case A after reconstructing satellite passages and identifying the likely source as the Resurs 1-3 rocket stage, a Russian Zenit-2 rocket body launched in 1994. The flashes were consistent with a rotating object in orbit reflecting sunlight; the apparent closeness of the flashes to each other made sense because the object moved slowly across the witness’s field of view.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

Limoux produced a similar but less certain orbital case on 11 August 2018, again during a meteor-watching context. A witness saw a bright, round, blinking object move silently in a straight line for about three minutes, appearing larger and lower than expected for an aircraft. GEIPAN classified it B as a probable rapidly rotating satellite, with ERS-2 judged the better match among candidate objects.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

The broader Aude case list reinforces the point. GEIPAN’s published Aude entries include, among others, Cuxac-d’Aude in 2023 classified A as a satellite train, Quillan in 2009 classified B as Jupiter, Saint-Hilaire in 2012 classified A as a bolide, Leucate in 2015 classified B as a laser, and Narbonne in 2015 classified B as birds.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr. Aude’s modern sky is busy in several different ways: astronomical, orbital, meteorological, biological and human-made.Mistaken Skies illustration 2

Why a good witness can still be misled

The Aude files are valuable because they separate witness sincerity from witness interpretation. A person can be honest, observant and articulate while still making a wrong identification. Night observations are especially vulnerable because the eye has few reliable distance cues. A light without sound may seem large and remote when it is small and nearby, or low and strange when it is high and ordinary.

Several recurring mechanisms appear in the Aude record:

Expectation shapes attention. The Carcassonne and Limoux satellite cases both occurred while witnesses were watching the sky for astronomical reasons: meteors, the Moon, Jupiter or stars. That makes the witnesses attentive, but it also means they are primed to notice brief lights and compare them with familiar sky objects. A satellite flash, rocket-body glint or bird formation can stand out sharply against that expectation.[Geipan+2Geipan]cnes-geipan.frGeipanCARCASSONNE (11) 09.08.202115 Mar 2022 — Les oiseaux migrateurs qui passent à la verticale de cette cité peuvent paraître lumineux…

Silence is ambiguous. Witnesses often stress that no sound was heard. That can be significant in a low, close-range object report, but it is not decisive for lanterns, birds, satellites, distant aircraft, lasers or storm lights. In Limoux and Espéraza, silence fitted the lantern explanation rather than contradicting it.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frGeipanLIMOUX (11) 23.07.201123/07/2011. Région. Languedoc Roussillon. Département. Aude. Classification. B. Date de mise a jour. 29/09/20…

Angular speed feels like physical speed. In Carcassonne, the witness felt the formation crossed the sky at extraordinary speed. GEIPAN considered the speed compatible with birds because perceived speed depends on assumed distance. A nearby formation crossing a large part of the sky can feel faster than a distant object moving at the same angular rate.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frGeipanCARCASSONNE (11) 09.08.202115 Mar 2022 — Les oiseaux migrateurs qui passent à la verticale de cette cité peuvent paraître lumineux…

Missing evidence matters. Narbonne’s probable ball-lightning case remained a probability partly because the reported video was not supplied. That is a crucial distinction. GEIPAN did not need to claim certainty to make the case useful; it showed how storm conditions made the explanation plausible while acknowledging that the file lacked the material needed for confirmation.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

Small errors can still leave the main explanation intact. In the Port-la-Nouvelle rocket-debris case, GEIPAN noted that the witness overestimated the angular height of Jupiter and the phenomenon, a common issue in sky reports, but the timing, direction and visual description still allowed a strong match with the Resurs 1-3 rocket stage.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frOpen source on cnes-geipan.fr.

This is why Aude is a useful department for readers who want more than a simple believer-versus-sceptic argument. The best modern files are not just dismissals. They show a chain of reasoning: what was seen, what conditions existed, what candidate explanations were tested, what evidence was missing, and why a classification was chosen.

What these solved cases do, and do not, prove

The ordinary-light cases weaken a dramatic reading of Aude as a UFO hotspot. They show that a surprising number of reports can be explained or probably explained once investigators check local lighting, wind, weather, astronomy and satellite tracks. That fits GEIPAN’s wider national picture, in which most published cases are either clearly or probably identified, while a much smaller proportion remain unexplained after investigation.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frGeipanStatisticsSince 2016 the GEIPAN uses "dynamic" statistics. They are calculated with the data related to classified cases that are p…

They do not prove that every Aude report is solved. A separate unresolved file, for example, should not be dismissed simply because other lights were birds or lanterns. GEIPAN’s categories are built to avoid that shortcut: A means identified, B means probably identified, C means not assessable because the information is inadequate, and D means not identified after investigation.[Geipan]cnes-geipan.frmissions methodes et resultatsGeipanMission & GeipanStatistics of the GEIPAN… Across the last 40 years, 8000 testimonies (representing around 3000 cases) were analy… A weakly documented case and a genuinely puzzling one should not be treated as the same thing.

For Aude’s public UFO history, the main lesson is more precise. The department’s modern record shows how UFO reports are manufactured by perception before they are manufactured by myth. A terrace in Carcassonne, a party night near Limoux, a storm over Narbonne, binoculars pointed near Jupiter at Port-la-Nouvelle: none of these settings is exotic. Yet each can produce a report that feels strange enough to be filed, investigated and remembered.

That is what makes the “mistaken skies” theme important. It does not ridicule witnesses or drain the subject of interest. It makes the subject more useful. Aude’s ordinary lights show how the same sky can be familiar in hindsight and baffling in the moment, and why the best UFO history has to study the conditions of seeing as carefully as the thing that was seen.Mistaken Skies illustration 3<section class="further-reading-section" data-page-toc-exclude aria-labelledby="further-reading-title"><div class="fr-section-shell"><div class="fr-section-header"><div class="fr-section-heading"><p class="fr-section-kicker">Amazon book picks</p><h3 class="fr-heading" id="further-reading-title">Further Reading</h3></div><p class="fr-intro">Books and field guides related to When Aude UFOs Turned Out Ordinary. 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Endnotes

1. Source: cdnfiles2.biolovision.net
Title: Bulletin migrationRoc de Conilhac2022 5291
Link:https://cdnfiles2.biolovision.net/www.migraction.net/pdffiles/news/Bulletin_migrationRoc_de_Conilhac2022-5291.pdf

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>Suivi de la migration postnuptiale – Roc de Conilhac – 2022January 13, 2023 — 13 Jan 2023 — La LPO Occitanie de l'Aude tient migration po…</p>
Published: January 13, 2023

2. Source: aude.lpo.fr
Link:https://aude.lpo.fr/category/actualites/page/3/

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4. Source: youtube.com
Title: UFO sighting likely Starlink satellites
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZC7NeKu2Vw

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>Geipan: France is also interested in UFOs…</p>

5. Source: youtube.com
Title: Geipan: France is also interested in UFOs
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OLXDikL331Y

6. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/en/stats

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>GeipanStatisticsSince 2016 the GEIPAN uses "dynamic" statistics. They are calculated with the data related to classified cases that are p…</p>

7. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Title: missions methodes et resultats
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/en/missions-methodes-et-resultats

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>GeipanMission & GeipanStatistics of the GEIPAN… Across the last 40 years, 8000 testimonies (representing around 3000 cases) were analy…</p>

8. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/2021-08-51231

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>GeipanCARCASSONNE (11) 09.08.202115 Mar 2022 — Les oiseaux migrateurs qui passent à la verticale de cette cité peuvent paraître lumineux…</p>

9. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/2011-07-02793

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>GeipanLIMOUX (11) 23.07.201123/07/2011. Région. Languedoc Roussillon. Département. Aude. Classification. B. Date de mise a jour. 29/09/20…</p>

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Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/2019-08-50820?page=14&undefined=

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15. Source: cnes.fr
Link:https://cnes.fr/en/projects/geipan

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18. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
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Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/en/recherche/cas/tab?order=field_departement_textuel&page=13&sort=asc

26. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B11%5D=11&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=title&page=35%2C7&sort=desc

27. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_date_value=2024-08-12&field_is_new_value=1&order=title&page=3%2C4&sort=asc

28. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_date&page=83&sort=asc

29. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/en/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=Aude+%28325%29&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=1%2C4&select-category-export=nothing&sort=desc

30. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B11%5D=11&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=50.708634400828224&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=31.765537409484374&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=20.22890244005691&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=-5.127542872443095&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_departement_textuel&page=40%2C19&select-category-export=nothing&sort=desc

31. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B0%5D=12&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_departement_textuel&page=5%2C23&sort=asc

32. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B11%5D=11&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B12%5D=12&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B13%5D=13&field_classification_des_cas_target_id%5B14%5D=14&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=1&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_departement_textuel&page=14&select-category-export=nothing&sort=asc&video=on

33. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_agregation_index_value=%C3%A9toile&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_date_d_observation_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_date_value=&field_departement_target_id=&field_document_existe_ou_pas_value=All&field_is_new_value=All&field_is_revisited_value=All&field_latitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_latitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmax%5D=&field_longitude_value%5Bmin%5D=&field_phenomene_target_id=&field_type_de_cas_target_id=All&order=field_classification_des_cas&page=20%2C0&select-category-export=nothing&sort=desc

34. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/en/recherche/cas/tab?field_date_value=2007-03-01&field_is_new_value=1&order=field_date_d_observation&page=20%2C29&sort=desc

35. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_date_value=2024-08-12&field_is_new_value=1&order=field_date_d_observation&page=10&sort=desc

36. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/fr/recherche/cas/tab?field_date_value=2022-03-29&field_is_new_value=1&order=field_departement_textuel&page=%2C1&sort=asc

37. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Title: export cas pub 20251127093552.csv
Link:https://www.cnes-geipan.fr/sites/default/files/save_json_import_files/export_cas_pub_20251127093552.csv

38. Source: cnes-geipan.fr
Link:https://cnes-geipan.fr/fr/cas/2019-06-50848

39. Source: cnes.fr
Link:https://cnes.fr/projets/geipan

40. Source: migraction.net
Title: Toutes les nouvelles
Link:https://www.migraction.net/index.php?m_id=1164&mp_current_page=5&mp_item_per_page=30

41. Source: youtube.com
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hn2xTieploU

42. Source: Wikipedia
Link:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEIPAN

43. Source: newspaceeconomy.ca
Title: GEIPA N: Frances UAP Investigation Unit
Link:https://newspaceeconomy.ca/2025/07/29/geipan-frances-uap-investigation-unit/

44. Source: uapedia.ai
Link:https://uapedia.ai/wiki/geipan-frances-official-uap-unit/

45. Source: enigmalabs.io
Link:https://enigmalabs.io/library/8d0dae05-d1b9-4dc3-a3cc-f5e3fb362547

Additional References

46. Source: cigogne-noire.fr
Link:https://cigogne-noire.fr/actualites/article/suivi-de-la-migration-postnuptiale-de-la-cigogne-noire-sur-le-roc-de-conilhac-a

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>Suivi de la migration postnuptiale de la Cigogne noire sur…12 Oct 2016 — Depuis 2007, la LPO Aude assure un suivi annuel de la migrati…</p>

47. Source: meprises-du-ciel.fr
Link:https://meprises-du-ciel.fr/sources-naturelles/phenomenes-lumineux-transitoires/foudre/

48. Source: meprises-du-ciel.fr
Link:https://meprises-du-ciel.fr/sources-naturelles/phenomenes-lumineux-transitoires/

49. Source: ladepeche.fr
Link:https://www.ladepeche.fr/2023/10/07/les-agents-du-geipan-les-detectives-des-ovnis-detaillent-trois-cas-de-phenomenes-celestes-fascinants-11501464.php

50. Source: nationalgeographic.fr
Link:https://www.nationalgeographic.fr/espace/france-qui-se-cache-derriere-le-geipan-le-bureau-des-ovnis-en-france-etrange-enquetes

51. Source: facebook.com
Title: deuxième record 2021 pour la cigogne blanche à gruissan un an après le passage
Link:https://www.facebook.com/gruissantourisme/posts/-deuxi%C3%A8me-record-2021-pour-la-cigogne-blanche-%C3%A0-gruissan-un-an-apr%C3%A8s-le-passage-/4507682509293163/

52. Source: cieletespace.fr
Title: interview de jean paul aguttes du geipan l extraterrestre fait partie du job
Link:https://www.cieletespace.fr/article/interview-de-jean-paul-aguttes-du-geipan-l-extraterrestre-fait-partie-du-job

53. Source: youtube.com
Title: Weather 101: UFO Clouds
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gOTrGc0NuvM

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>Top 10 Strange Events Detected High Above Earth…</p>

54. Source: youtube.com
Title: Identifying UFOs / Anti-Myth Superpowers
Link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GtoO00G_No

<summary>Source snippet</summary><p>UFO sighting likely Starlink satellites…</p>

55. Source: reddit.com
Title: til that france has a dedicated unit to finding
Link:https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/1qa0lyb/til_that_france_has_a_dedicated_unit_to_finding/

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